Speech prosody. Its acoustic properties and perceptible qualities.
Prosody includes constant non-segmental characteristics of speech: variations in the pitch, loudness, tempo and timber of the voice. Prosody is a synonym to intonation - a study of principles and means of division of speech and connection of divided parts such as melody, dynamics, tempo and pausation. Prosody is a broader notion than intonation as it deals with various sound sequences (from syllables to texts), while intonation is applied to speech units no longer than syntagmas.
Perceptible qualities of speech prosody: 1. Speech melody (rising and falling of the basic tone); 2. Sentence stress (distributing strong and weak stresses in an utterance); 3. Tempo (relative acceleration and deceleration of speech); 4. Rhythm (regular occurence of pattern in time); 5. Timbre (tone quality, tone colour).
Acoustic properties of speech prosody: 1. Frequency (=pitch) - Hz, cycles/sec; 2. Intensity (=loudness) – dB;
3. Duration (=length) – msec.
Perceptible qualities of speech prosody: 1. Speech melody (rising and falling of the basic tone); 2. Sentence stress (distributing strong and weak stresses in an utterance); 3. Tempo (relative acceleration and deceleration of speech); 4. Rhythm (regular occurence of pattern in time); 5. Timbre (tone quality, tone colour).
Acoustic properties of speech prosody: 1. Frequency (=pitch) - Hz, cycles/sec; 2. Intensity (=loudness) – dB;
3. Duration (=length) – msec.